imran khan.Imran Khan was ousted as Pakistan's prime minister.imran khan news

                          Imran Khan

Imran Khan was ousted as Pakistan's prime minister on Sunday morning after 174 MLAs voted against him in a no-confidence motion. The vote came as the House Speaker resigned, saying he could not oversee the removal of his close aide for 30 years, and it was past midnight as Khan's own legislators delayed voting throughout Saturday. Close voting allowed. Before the voting debate could begin, all of Khan's aides left the chamber. The Supreme Court ordered a vote later on Saturday after Khan dismissed a previous attempt to dissolve parliament in an attempt to halt the election, saying it was unconstitutional. Asia How the Pakistan political stalemate affects US interests in the region In a passionate speech on Friday, Khan reiterated his accusations that his rivals were colluding with the United States over his foreign policy choices, which were often criticized by China, Russia and the U.S. Khan said Washington had protested a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in the Kremlin on February 24, just hours after tanks crashed into Ukraine, leading to a devastating war in the heart of Europe. The US State Department has denied any involvement in Pakistan's internal politics. State Department Deputy Spokeswoman Jalina Porter told reporters Friday that the allegations were baseless. Sponsor message However, Khan urged his supporters to take to the streets, especially the youth who have been the backbone of his support since the former cricket star's conservative Islamic politician came to power in 2018. He said he wanted to defend and oppose the sovereignty of Pakistan. American dictatorship. , "You have to come out to protect your future. You have to defend your democracy, your sovereignty and your freedom. It is your duty," he said. "I do not accept the government imposing." If Khan has limited options and a large number of people support him, he may try to continue the pace of street protests as a way to pressure him to dissolve parliament and hold early elections. . The defeat of distrust of Khan may bring some unlikely partners to power. One of them is the primary religious party that runs many religious schools. The Jamiat-e-Ulema-Islam, or Assembly of Clergy, teaches the deeply conservative brand of Islam in its schools. Many of the Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan's homegrown violent Taliban have graduated from JUI schools. The largest of the opposition parties - the Pakistan People's Party and the Pakistan Muslim League - led by the son of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto - have been tainted by the allegations. Widespread corruption. Sponsor message The leader of the Pakistan Muslim League, former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, has been accused of corruption after his name appeared in the Panama Papers. It's a collection of leaked secret financial documents that show how some of the world's richest people hide their money and the Global Law Firm in Panama. The Supreme Court of Pakistan has ruled that Sharif is ineligible to take office. If the opposition wins the no-confidence vote, it will be up to parliament to elect a new head of government, Sharif's brother Shabaaz Sharif. Elections will come soon if the MLAs fail.

cruz azul.cruz azul live.cruz azul game today.cruz azul players.cruz azul hidalgo.cruz azul jersey history.cruz azul history.cruz azul record

           C r u z - A z u l 

This article is about a men's football club in Mexico City. For other uses, see Cruz Azul (disambiguation). Club Deportivo Social and Cultural Cruise Azul Association S.A. D CV or simply Cruz Azul (pronounced [kɾus a'sul]) is a professional football club based in Mexico City, Mexico. It competes in the Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football. "Azul" means "blue" in Spanish, and the club traditionally wears a blue home kit. Cruz Azulu new escudo.svg Full name Club Deportivo Social and Cultural Cruz Azul Association S.A. D CV Surname La Macquina (machine) Los Celeste (The Sky-Blues) Los Cementoros (cement manufacturer) Los Librez (The Horse) Los de la Noria (La Noria people) Short name Kazi Established 22 May 1927; 94 years ago Land Estadio Azteca Capacity 87,000 [1]

Owner Cemento Cruz Azulu President Jaime Ordials Manager Juan Renoso Federation Liga MX Aperture 2021 8 (Reclassification) Website Club Website Home colors Color away The third color Current season Founded in Jasso, Hidalgo, the club officially moved to Mexico City in 1971, where it has a strong presence and activity since its inception. Estadio Azteca, the largest sports venue in the country, served as their home venue until 1996 when they switched to Estadio Azul. The team returned to Azteca 22 years later at the end of the 2017–18 Liga MX season. It is headquartered in La Noria, a suburb of Xochimilco, south of Mexico City. [2] Cruz Azul Toluca, C.D., is a 10-time nine-time Primara Division Champion. Guadalajara's 12, and Club America's 13. Cruz Azul's six titles CONCACAF became the second most successful club in Champions League history, the most prestigious international club competition in North American football, after Intercity rival Club America. Cruz Azul was the first CONCACAF team to reach the final of the Copa Libertadores in 2001, the most prestigious club competition in South American football (inviting top league MX clubs from 1998 to 2017) from Argentine football giants Boca Juniors. Defeated on penalty. During the 1968-69 season, Cruz Azul became the first CONCACAF club (and the third worldwide) to win the Mexican Primara Division Championship, the Copa Mexico National Tournament and the CONCACAF Champions League, and complete the Rare Continental Treble.

In the 2014 Club World Rankings, the International Federation of Football History and Statistics ranked Cruz Azul as the 99th best club in the world and the third best club in CONCACAF. [3] According to several published polls, Cruz Azul is the third most popular in Mexico. Team, CD Guadalajara and Club America only. [4] It is the second most supported team behind the US and PUMAS ahead of UNAM in its hometown of Mexico City. Edit history Edit background and foundation Carlos Garces Lopez is a footballer and athlete who represented Mexico in athletics and football at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics, respectively. [5] As a midfielder, he was part of the founding team of Club America and was a key player in the dominance of Primara Forza in the mid - 1920s. [6] [7] Playing in the first series of Mexico's official international matches against Guatemala, Garces Lopez also became part of Mexico's first national football team in 1923. [8] [9] Since football was not a lucrative business in Mexico, Gars Lopez, a licensed dentist, worked for Cemento Cruz Azul, a cement company in the small town of Jasso in Hidalgo, which provided dental care to its employees. Medical services provided. He regularly travels from Jasso to Mexico City to train and play for the United States. [10] In 1925, Cemento Cruz Azul voted to form a company baseball team because the sport was popular in the city of Jasso. [11] However, Garc లోa L లోpez personally lobbied for several months to turn the official company sport into football. Garse Lopez, who initially received resistance from American employees, eventually persuaded company directors to hold a referendum to allow workers to vote on the company team's main game. A vote was taken on March 22, 1927, where the company decided to change the team sport from baseball to football.

[12] Cemento Cruz set up a football pitch on the company premises in place of the Azul baseball field, and the football team was officially established on May 22, two months later, where Garces Lopez was appointed head coach of the newly formed team. [10] [13] Amateur Age (1927–1960) Amendment Initially, Cemento Cruz played with teams representing the neighboring city of Jasso in local tournaments organized by Azul. For the next three decades the team was formed entirely with employees. The club was widely successful in amateur tournaments in the 30s and 40s, winning 15 state-level league titles in a row. Cooperative (1931–1934) established by amendment By 1931, Cemento Cruz Azul was facing many financial difficulties after the Great Depression. Due to demand and production losses of cement and other construction materials, Cemento Cruz Azul went bankrupt and was purchased by the cement company La Tolteca on March 1, 1931 for 1 million pesos. Liquidated, 192 workers of Cemento Cruz Azul sued company officials to prevent the transfer of assets to the company, scheduled for October 15 of that year. The Hidalgo government ruled in favor of the workers when it showed that La Tolteca was premeditated with the intention of liquidating. Workers took control of industrial facilities on November 2. On May 21, 1932, Governor Hidalgo, Bartholomew Vargas Lugo, ordered 192 workers in the Cemento Cruz Azul to use the prestigious domain as the collective owners of the plant. As part of the deal, a total of 192 workers who took charge of the plant agreed to pay Hidalgo State 1.3 million pesos over a 10-year period.

Denise Welch.Jacqueline Denise Welch.denise welch full history.denise welch.denise welch twitter

 Jacqueline Denise Welch

Jacqueline Denise Welch (born 22 May 1958) is an English actor, television personality and writer. [1] Her roles include the Corionation Street (1997–2000), Steph Haddock in Waterloo Road (2006–2010), and the Holyox on Trish Miniver (2021–2022). Welch also appears as a regular panelist on the ITV chat show Loose Women (2005–2013, 2018 – present). Dennis Welch Dennis Welch.png Welch in 2011 Born Jacqueline Denise Welch 22 May 1958 (age 63) Tynemouth, North Tyneside, England Occupation The actress is a television personality writer Active for years 1981 – present Owner ITVBBC Channel 4 Spouse David Easter I (M. 1983; Div. 1988) Tim Healy I (M. 1988; Div. 2012) Lincoln Townley (b. 2013) Children 2; Including Matthew Welch's other acting roles include the television dramas Spender (1991–1993), Soldier Soldier (1993–1995), and Down to Earth (2004–2005). In 2011, he competed in the sixth series of Dancing on Ice, where he partnered with professional skater Matt Evers. In 2012, Welch Celebrity won the ninth series of Big Brother. Early life amendment Jacqueline Denise Welch was born in Tynemouth, Northumberland. [2] She has a younger sister named Debbie. [3] [4] Welch attended Boygate School in Wheatley Bay before moving to Abchester, County Durham at the age of 13. And attended the La Segessi School in Newcastle upon Tyne, where he attended the Blackfine Grammar School in Connaught and passed five GCEs. Tests. [6] [7] [8] He became interested in acting at the age of 14 after starring in the school production of the Finnish Rainbow. At the age of 17, he wanted to go to a teacher training college in Crowe; [2] However, his father and his drama teacher advised him to apply to the Mountview Academy of Theater Arts in London. Welch was successful in her application and remained in school from 1976 to 1979, earning her equity card while teaching dance at the Watford Palace Theater. [4] [6] Edit careers Edit acting Welch became a straight actor after he dropped out of school at the age of 12. [4] He performed with the McGonagall brothers at the Astoria Theater in Yakti-yak, London in 1983 and later joined the Live Theater Company, Newcastle. , He starred in several productions, including My Soup. Girl, and one of them was Alan Acorn. Quartet plays, including a bedroom skit. She also played Sandy in the 1984 Musical Grease at the Haymarket Theater in Leicester. [6] His first television appearance was in 1981 at the Tyne Tees Television Production Barriers. [6] A few years later, he appeared in Weederson, Pet (1986)'s ITV '***** drama, and later starred in the children's television shows Biker Grove (1990–1991) and A Kind of Living (1988). ) Played. Catherine Cookson adapted The Glass ****** (1995), and co-starred with Jimmy Nell in the BBC's Spender (1991–1993). In 1993, Welch became a household name when she starred as Marsha Stubbs in ITV's drama series Soldier Soldier. Due to his success in the series, he released the double-a-side single in 1995, "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me" (Dusty Springfield hit cover) "Cry Me a River" (A) by Julie London (Standard Standard) by UK Ranked 23rd on the singles chart. Welch gained further fame in 1997 with her performance as Natalie Horrocks on the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street. [4] Natalie was introduced as a divorcee, and she soon became the mistress of Sally Webster's husband Kevin Webster (played by Michael Level). Kevin and Sally are one of the show’s longtime couple and have two children. [9] Originally portrayed as a woman, Natalie is the owner of Soap's famous public house The Rovers Return. She moved towards respect. [10] In 2000, Welch wanted Coronation Street producers to present an article about Natalie's abortion, but they refused, claiming that the character had already lost her husband and son. Welch, who was expecting a baby the same year, however, decided to leave the show. At the time, Welch commented, "I look forward to being a mother again and spending some time with my baby and enjoying new challenges in my career." A Grenada TV spokeswoman commented, "[Natalie]'s role is lost as she moves to a new place, and we wish Denise the birth of her child and her future career." [11] In 2002, Welch made a guest appearance on ITV's Where the Heart Is and the BBC's Hospital Drama Holby City, as Risk Manager Pam McGrath, who had an on - screen relationship with Mubs Hussein (played by Ian Aspinall). Operated. He guest-starred twice on ITV's long-running police drama The Bill (1997 and 2006) and on the BBC's Doctors (2004), Down to Earth (2004–2005) and Born and Bread (2002–2003). Welch also starred in the British film The Jealous God (2005) and other roles in Holyox: In the City (2006). From 2006 to 2010, he appeared as Steph Haddock, a French teacher on the successful BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road, and Janet "Goldie" on the long-running episode of the medical drama series "Wicked" casualty. Starred in the role of gold. It aired on 2 July 2011. [12] [13] Welch actually won the role of Francis Myers in Bad Girls, but was reduced due to illness at the time; She got the role instead of her fianc Waterloo Road co-star Eva Pope. [14] [15] Welch Waterloo left the road and did not intend to return for Series Six, but eventually decided to return for episodes nine and ten. [16] [17] Benidorm Tweets via Twitter feed, reveals that Welid will be part of Benidorm's Series 4. [18] She co-starred as 'Frightened' Mary with her then-husband Tim Healy. [19] In 2012, Welch True starred in Steel Magnolias' touring production. [20] The following year, she played Catherine Robinson in Richard Bean's Smack Family Robinson in Rose Theo.

Radar.radar weather.radar weather today

 Radar (disambiguation). 

Irada For further use, see Radar (disambiguation). Radar (radio detection and calibration) [1] [2] is a diagnostic program that uses radio waves to determine the distance (width), angle, and radial speed of site-related objects. It can be used to detect planes, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, cars, climate formation, and land. A radar system consists of a transmitter that generates electromagnetic radios or a microwaves domain, a transmitter, a receiver (usually the same rod to transmit and receive) and a receiver and processor to detect the properties of the object (s). . Radio waves (beat or continuous) emit from the transmitter to the object and return to the receiver, providing information about the location and speed of the object. The long-distance radar antenna, known as ALTAIR, is used to detect and track space objects in accordance with the ABM test at the Ronald Reagan Test Site at Kwajalein Atoll. Long-distance radar antenna, used to track space objects and throwing arrows. Israeli military radar is a type of radar used to control air traffic control. The antenna rotates at a constant speed, sweeping the local airspace through a small dry line shaped like a fan, so that it can see a plane at all altitudes. Radar of the type used for flight detection. It circles slowly, sweeping the air space with a small stick. The radar was secretly developed for use in several countries before and during World War II.

A major development was the cavity magnetron in the United Kingdom, which allowed for the construction of smaller systems with lower meter adjustments. The term RADAR was coined in 1940 by the United States Navy as an acronym for "radio discovery and departure". [3] [4] The word radar has since been introduced into English and other languages as a common noun, losing all uppercase letters. During the 1954-5 RAF RADAR studies at Yatesbury Training Camp a "radio azimuth direction and rangeing" was proposed. air defense systems, archery systems, marine radars to detect land and other ships, anti-collision systems, maritime systems, outdoor monitoring and assembly systems, climate monitoring, altitude control systems and aircraft, detection systems missiles aimed at missiles, self-propelled vehicles, and ground radar for ground viewing. High-tech radar systems are associated with digital signal processing, machine learning and are able to extract useful information at very high audio levels.

Some systems such as radar use other components of the electromagnetic spectrum. One example is LIDAR, which uses large infrared light from lasers instead of radio waves. With the advent of non-motorized vehicles, the radar is expected to assist the self-propelled platform to monitor the surrounding area, thus preventing unwanted incidents. [5] Edit history Topic: Radar history Preliminary Test Edit Back in 1886, German physicist Heinrich Hertz showed that radio waves could be detected in solid objects. In 1895, Alexander Popov, a physicist at the Imperial Russian Navy in Kronstadt, developed a device that used a combined tube to detect distant lightning strikes. The following year, add a spark-gap transmitter. In 1897, while examining these communication devices between two ships in the Baltic Sea, he noticed a disturbing rhythm caused by the passage of a third ship. In his report, Popov wrote that the situation could be used to obtain things, but he did nothing about it. [6] German inventor Christian Hülsmeyer was the first to use radio waves to detect "the presence of distant metal objects". In 1904, he demonstrated the possibility of seeing a ship in the thick fog, but not its distance from the sender.

[7] He obtained a patent [8] for his diagnostic device in April 1904 and later a patent [9] for amendments related to measuring the distance to the ship. He also acquired a British patent on September 23, 1904 [10] for a complete radar system, which he called the telemobiloscope. It operates at a wavelength of 50 cm and a cracked radar signal was created with a spark-gap. His plan had already used the horn-horned set and was presented to German military officers in practical trials in Cologne and the port of Rotterdam but was rejected. [11] In 1915, Robert Watson-Watt used radio technology to give advance warning to airmen [12] and in the mid-1920s continued to lead the UK research center to make significant progress using radio techniques, including ionosphere exploration and lightning detection. in long distances. Through his lightning test, Watson-Watt became an expert in the use of radio guidance before turning his research into shortwave transmissions. Seeking a qualified recipient of such courses, he told "new boy" Arnold Frederic Wilkins to do a comprehensive review of the available shortwave units. Wilkins could choose the General Post Office model after realizing the textbook definition of its "blurred" effect (the common term for disruption at the time) when the plane was flying high. Across the Atlantic in 1922, after installing a dumping machine and receiver on opposite sides of the Potomac River, U.S. Army researchers A. Hoyt Taylor and Leo C. Young discovered that ships passing through the frame route caused the accepted signal to come in and out. Taylor submitted a report, suggesting that the incident could have been used to detect the presence of ships in an undisclosed location, but the Navy did not proceed immediately. Eight years later, Lawrence A. Hyland at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) saw similar effects on the decline of passing flights; this revelation led to the inclusion of a patent [13] and a proposal

UEFA Europa League.Europa League in urdu end english

 UEFA Europa League.Europa League in urdu end english

UEFA Europa League (مختصراً UEL)، جو پہلے UEFA کپ تھا، ایک سالانہ فٹ بال کلب مقابلہ ہے جو 1971 سے یونین آف یورپین فٹ بال ایسوسی ایشنز (UEFA) کے ذریعے اہل یورپی فٹ بال کلبوں کے لیے منعقد کیا جاتا ہے۔ یہ یورپی کلب فٹ بال کا دوسرے درجے کا مقابلہ ہے، جس کی درجہ بندی UEFA چیمپئنز لیگ سے نیچے اور UEFA یوروپا کانفرنس لیگ سے اوپر ہے۔ UEFA کپ 1971 سے 1999 تک تیسرے درجے کا مقابلہ تھا UEFA کپ ونر کپ کے بند ہونے سے پہلے۔[1][2] کلب اپنی قومی لیگوں اور کپ مقابلوں میں اپنی کارکردگی کی بنیاد پر مقابلے کے لیے کوالیفائی کرتے ہیں۔ یو ای ایف اے یوروپا لیگ UEFA یوروپا لیگ (فٹ بال مقابلہ) logo.svg قائم 1971; 51 سال پہلے (2009 میں دوبارہ برانڈ کیا گیا) علاقہ یورپ (UEFA) ٹیموں کی تعداد 32 (گروپ مرحلہ) 58 (کل) کے لیے کوالیفائر UEFA سپر کپ UEFA چیمپئنز لیگ متعلقہ مقابلے UEFA چیمپئنز لیگ (پہلا درجہ) UEFA یوروپا کانفرنس لیگ (تیسرے درجے) موجودہ چیمپئنز سپین ولاریال (پہلا ٹائٹل) سب سے کامیاب کلب اسپین سیویلا (6 ٹائٹل) ٹیلی ویژن براڈکاسٹرز براڈکاسٹرز کی فہرست ویب سائٹ سرکاری ویب سائٹ 2021–22 UEFA یوروپا لیگ 1971 میں UEFA کپ کے طور پر متعارف کرایا گیا، اس نے انٹر سٹیز فیئرز کپ کی جگہ لے لی۔ 1999 میں، UEFA کپ کے فاتح کپ کو UEFA کپ کے ساتھ ضم کر دیا گیا اور اسے ایک الگ مقابلے کے طور پر بند کر دیا گیا۔[3] 2004-05 کے سیزن سے ناک آؤٹ مرحلے سے پہلے ایک گروپ مرحلہ شامل کیا گیا۔ یہ مقابلہ 2009-10 کے سیزن سے یوروپا لیگ کے نام سے جانا جاتا ہے، [4][5] فارمیٹ میں تبدیلی کے بعد۔ 2009 کی دوبارہ برانڈنگ میں UEFA انٹرٹوٹو کپ کے ساتھ ایک انضمام شامل تھا، جس سے مسابقت کا ایک وسیع فارمیٹ تیار کیا گیا تھا، جس میں ایک وسیع گروپ مرحلے اور کوالیفائنگ کے معیار میں تبدیلی تھی۔ UEFA یوروپا لیگ کا فاتح UEFA سپر کپ کے لیے کوالیفائی کرتا ہے اور، 2014-15 کے سیزن سے، گروپ مرحلے میں داخل ہوتے ہوئے، اگلے سیزن کی UEFA چیمپئنز لیگ کے لیے کوالیفائی کرتا ہے۔ ہسپانوی کلبوں نے سب سے زیادہ فتوحات حاصل کی ہیں (تیرہ جیتیں)، اس کے بعد انگلینڈ اور اٹلی کی ٹیمیں ہیں (ہر ایک میں نو جیتیں)۔ یہ ٹائٹل 29 کلبوں نے جیتا ہے جن میں سے تیرہ نے اسے ایک سے زیادہ بار جیتا ہے۔ مقابلے میں سب سے کامیاب کلب سیویلا ہے جس نے چھ ٹائٹل اپنے نام کیے۔ Villarreal 2021 کے فائنل میں مانچسٹر یونائیٹڈ کو پنالٹیز پر 11-10 سے ہرا کر موجودہ چیمپئنز ہیں۔ تاریخ میں ترمیم کریں۔ ‹ ذیل کا سانچہ (مزید حوالہ جات درکار سیکشن) کو ضم کرنے پر غور کیا جا رہا ہے۔ اتفاق رائے تک پہنچنے میں مدد کے لیے بحث کے لیے ٹیمپلیٹس دیکھیں۔ › اورجانیے اس حصے کو تصدیق کے لیے اضافی حوالوں کی ضرورت ہے۔ (جنوری 2022) UEFA کپ سے پہلے انٹر سٹیز فیئرز کپ تھا، جو کہ 1955 اور 1971 کے درمیان کھیلا جانے والا یورپی فٹ بال مقابلہ تھا۔ یہ مقابلہ پہلے ایڈیشن (1955-58) کے دوران 11 ٹیموں سے بڑھ کر آخری ایڈیشن تک 64 ٹیموں تک پہنچ گیا۔ 1970-71 میں، ختم کر دیا گیا اور اس کی جگہ UEFA کپ، ایک نیا موسمی کنفیڈریشن مقابلہ جس کا ضابطہ، فارمیٹ اور نظم و ضبط کی کمیٹی مختلف ہے۔[7] UEFA کپ پہلی بار 1971-72 کے سیزن میں کھیلا گیا تھا، جس کا اختتام ٹوٹنہم ہاٹ پور کے خلاف وولور ہیمپٹن وانڈررز کے آل انگلش فائنل کے ساتھ ہوا، جس میں اسپرس نے پہلا اعزاز حاصل کیا۔ اس کے بعد سے اس مقابلے کو فیئرز کپ کے مقابلے میڈیا کے درمیان ایک بڑا وقار اور دلچسپی حاصل ہوئی۔ یہ ٹائٹل 1973 میں ایک اور انگلش کلب لیورپول نے اپنے پاس رکھا جس نے فائنل میں بوروسیا مونچینگلاڈباخ کو شکست دی۔ Gladbach 1975 اور 1979 میں مقابلہ جیت جائے گا، اور 1980 میں دوبارہ فائنل میں پہنچ جائے گا۔ فیینورڈ نے 1974 میں ٹوٹنہم ہاٹسپر کو مجموعی طور پر 4-2 سے شکست دے کر کپ جیتا تھا (لندن میں 2-2، روٹرڈیم میں 2-0)۔ لیور پول نے 1976 میں فائنل میں کلب بروگ کو شکست دے کر دوسری بار مقابلہ جیتا تھا۔ 1980 کی دہائی کے دوران، IFK Göteborg (1982 اور 1987) اور ریئل میڈرڈ (1985 اور 1986) نے دو دو بار مقابلہ جیتا، Anderlecht نے مسلسل دو فائنل تک رسائی حاصل کی، 1983 میں جیتی اور 1984 میں Tottenham Hotspur سے ہار گئی۔ اطالوی کلبوں کا غلبہ، جب ڈیاگو میراڈونا کی ناپولی نے VfB Stuttgart کو شکست دی۔ 1990 کی دہائی کا آغاز دو آل اطالوی فائنلز سے ہوا، اور 1992 میں ٹورینو فائنل میں Ajax سے دور گولز کے اصول پر ہار گئے۔ یووینٹس نے 1993 میں تیسری بار مقابلہ جیتا اور اگلے سال انٹرنازیونال نے اٹلی میں کپ اپنے پاس رکھا۔ سال 1995 میں تیسرا آل اطالوی فائنل دیکھا گیا، جس میں پارما نے مسلسل دو کپ ونر کپ فائنلز کے بعد اپنی مستقل مزاجی کو ثابت کیا۔ اس دہائی کے دوران واحد فائنل جس میں کوئی اطالوی نہیں تھا 1996 میں تھا۔ انٹرنازیونال اگلے دو سالوں میں فائنل میں پہنچا، 1997 میں شالکے 04 سے پنالٹیز پر ہارا، اور 1998 میں ایک اور آل اطالوی فائنل جیت کر تیسری بار کپ اپنے نام کیا۔ صرف آٹھ سالوں میں. پارما نے 1999 میں کپ جیتا، جس سے اطالوی تسلط کا دور ختم ہوا۔ اتفاق سے، یہ کسی بھی اطالوی کلب کے لیے آخری UEFA کپ/یوروپا لیگ کا فائنل تھا جب تک کہ Internazionale 2020 کے فائنل میں پہنچ گیا۔ 2008-09 سیزن میں Lech Poznań اور Deportivo La Coruña کے درمیان میچ۔ 2000 کے دور کا آغاز گالتاسرائے کی فتح سے ہوا، جو ٹرافی جیتنے والی پہلی ترک ٹیم تھی۔ لیورپول نے 2001 میں تیسری بار مقابلہ جیتا تھا۔ 2002 میں، فیینورڈ نے روٹرڈیم کے اپنے ہی اسٹیڈیم، ڈی کوپ میں کھیلے گئے فائنل میں بوروسیا ڈورٹمنڈ کو 3-2 سے شکست دے کر کلب کی تاریخ میں دوسری بار فاتح بن گیا۔ پورٹو نے 2003 اور 2011 کے ٹورنامنٹس میں فتح حاصل کی، بعد میں ساتھی پرتگالی ٹیم براگا کے خلاف فتح حاصل کی۔ 2004 میں، والنسیا کی فتح کے ساتھ کپ اسپین واپس آیا، اور پھر سیویلا نے 2006 اور 2007 میں مسلسل دو مواقع پر کامیابی حاصل کی، بعد میں ساتھی اسپینیارڈ ایسپینیول کے خلاف فائنل میں۔ سیویلا کی کامیابی کے کسی بھی طرف، دو روسی ٹیمیں، 2005 میں CSKA ماسکو اور 2008 میں زینت سینٹ پیٹرزبرگ، نے اپنی شان کا مظاہرہ کیا اور ایک اور سابق سوویت کلب، یوکرین کے شاختر ڈونیٹسک نے 2009 میں جیتا، ایسا کرنے والی پہلی یوکرائنی ٹیم تھی۔ Atletico Madrid خود تین سیزن میں دو بار جیتے گا، 2010 اور 2012 میں، بعد میں ان کے اور ایتھلیٹک بلباؤ کے درمیان ایک اور آل ہسپانوی فائنل میں۔ 2013 میں، چیلسی اگلے سال UEFA کپ/یوروپا لیگ جیتنے والی پہلی چیمپئنز لیگ ہولڈر بن جائے گی۔ 2014 میں، سیویلا نے بینفیکا کو پنالٹی پر شکست دینے کے بعد آٹھ سالوں میں تیسرا کپ جیتا تھا۔ صرف ایک سال بعد، 2015 میں، سیویلا نے اپنا چوتھا UEFA کپ/یوروپا لیگ جیتا اور، ایک بے مثال کارنامے میں، اس نے 2016 کے فائنل میں لیورپول کو ہرا کر مسلسل تیسرے سال اپنے ٹائٹل کا دفاع کیا، جس سے وہ تاریخ کی سب سے کامیاب ٹیم بن گئی۔ پانچ ٹائٹلز کے ساتھ مقابلے کا۔ انہوں نے انٹر میلان کو شکست دینے کے بعد 2020 میں مزید چھٹی فتح کا اضافہ کیا۔ چیلسی اور آرسنل کے درمیان 2019 کا آل لندن فائنل اسی شہر کی دو ٹیموں کے درمیان پہلا UEFA کپ/یوروپا لیگ کا فائنل تھا۔ 2009-10 کے سیزن کے بعد سے، مقابلے کو یو ای ایف اے یوروپا لیگ کا نام دیا گیا۔ اسی وقت، UEFA انٹرٹو کپ، UEFA کے تیسرے درجے کے مقابلے کو بند کر دیا گیا اور اسے نئی یوروپا لیگ میں ضم کر دیا گیا۔

The UEFA Europa League.Europa League.The UEFA Galilean League (abbreviated as UEL)

  The UEFA Europa League 

The UEFA Galilean League (abbreviated as UEL), erstwhile the UEFA Cup, is AN annual soccer club competition unionised since 1971 by the Union of European soccer Associations (UEFA) for eligible European soccer clubs. it's the second-tier competition of European club soccer, ranking below the UEFA Champions League and on top of the UEFA Galilean Conference League. The UEFA Cup was the third-tier competition from 1971 to 1999 before the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was discontinued .[1][2] Clubs qualify for the competition supported their performance in their national leagues and cup competitions. UEFA Galilean League UEFA Galilean League (football competition) brand.svg Founded 1971; fifty one years agone (rebranded in 2009) Region Europe (UEFA) Number of groups 32 (group stage)[a] 58 (total) Qualifier for UEFA Super Cup UEFA Champions League Related competitions UEFA Champions League (1st tier) UEFA Galilean Conference League (3rd tier) Current champions Spain Villarreal (1st title) Most in club(s) Spain urban center (6 titles) Television broadcasters List of broadcasters Website Official web site 2021–22 UEFA Galilean League Introduced in 1971 because the UEFA Cup, it replaced the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. In 1999, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was united with the UEFA Cup and discontinued as a separate competition.[3] From the 2004–05 season a gaggle stage was else before the knockout part. The competition has been called the Galilean League since the 2009–10 season,[4][5] following a amendment in format.[6] The 2009 re-branding enclosed a merge with the UEFA Intertoto Cup, manufacturing AN enlarged competition format, with AN swollen cluster stage and a amendment in qualifying criteria. The winner of the UEFA Galilean League qualifies for the UEFA Super Cup and, since the 2014–15 season, qualifies for the subsequent season's UEFA Champions League, getting into at the cluster stage. Spanish clubs have the very best variety of victories (thirteen wins), followed by groups from European country and Italia (nine wins each). The title has been won by twenty nine clubs, 13 of that have won it quite once. the foremost in club within the competition is urban center, with six titles. Villarreal square measure the powerful champions, having overwhelmed Manchester United 11–10 on penalties within the 2021 final. History Edit ‹ The model below (More citations required section) is being thought-about for merging. See templates for discussion to assist reach a agreement. › Learn more This section wants further citations for verification. (January 2022) The UEFA Cup was preceded by the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, that was a eu soccer competition compete between 1955 and 1971. The competition grew from eleven groups throughout the primary edition (1955–58) to sixty four groups by the last edition that was compete in 1970–71, being abolished and replaced by the UEFA Cup, a brand new seasonal confederation competition that have a unique regulation, format and disciplinary committee.[7] The UEFA Cup was initial compete within the 1971–72 season, over with AN all-English final of Wolverhampton Wanderers against Tottenham Hotspur, with Spurs taking the primary honours. The competition gained since then a much bigger status and interest between the mass media than the Fairs Cup.[8] The title was preserved by another English club, Liverpool, in 1973, WHO defeated Borussia Mönchengladbach within the final. Gladbach would win the competition in 1975 and 1979, and reach the ultimate once more in 1980. Feyenoord won the cup in 1974 once defeating Tottenham Hotspur 4–2 on combination (2–2 in London, 2–0 in Rotterdam). Liverpool won the competition for the second time in 1976 once defeating Club Brugge within the final. During the Eighties, IFK Göteborg (1982 and 1987) and Real Madrid (1985 and 1986) won the competition doubly every, with Anderlecht reaching 2 consecutive finals, winning in 1983 and losing to Tottenham Hotspur in 1984. The year 1989 saw the commencement of the Italian clubs' domination, once Diego Maradona's port defeated VfB urban center. The Nineteen Nineties started with 2 all-Italian finals, and in 1992, metropolis lost the ultimate to Ajax on the away goals rule. Juventus won the competition for a 3rd time in 1993 and Internazionale unbroken the cup in Italia the subsequent year. The year 1995 saw a 3rd all-Italian final, with Parma proving their consistency, once 2 consecutive Cup Winners' Cup finals. the sole final with no Italians throughout that decade was in 1996. Internazionale reached the ultimate the subsequent 2 years, losing in 1997 to Schalke 04 on penalties, and winning one more all-Italian final in 1998, taking home the cup for the third time in mere eight years. Parma won the cup in 1999, that over the Italian-domination era. By chance, it had been the last UEFA Cup/Europa League final look for any Italian club till Internazionale reached the 2020 final. Match between lecher lecher and Deportivo La Coruña in 2008–09 season. The era of the 2000s began with success for Galatasaray, the primary Turkish team to win the trophy. Liverpool won the competition for the third time in 2001. In 2002, Feyenoord became winners for the second time in club history by defeating Borussia Dortmund 3–2 within the final compete in their own sports stadium, American state Kuip in metropolis. urban center triumphed within the 2003 and 2011 tournaments, with the latter success against fellow Portuguese facet Braga. In 2004, the cup came to European country with Valencia being victorious, then urban center succeeded on 2 consecutive occasions in 2006 and 2007, the latter in a very final against fellow Spaniards Espanyol. Either facet of Sevilla's success, 2 Russian groups, CSKA Russian capital in 2005 and Zenit Saint siege in 2008, had their glory and one more former Soviet club, Ukraine's Shakhtar metropolis, won in 2009, the primary Ukrainian facet to try to to therefore. Atlético Madrid would themselves win doubly in 3 seasons, in 2010 and 2012, the latter in another all-Spanish final between them and Athletic Bilbao. In 2013, Chelsea would become the primary Champions League holders to win the UEFA Cup/Europa League the subsequent year. In 2014, urban center won their third cup in eight years once defeating Benfica on penalties. only one year later, in 2015, urban center won their fourth UEFA Cup/Europa League and, in AN unexampled achievement, they defended their title a 3rd

The bengal.history of bengal.history of bengal in urdu.partition of bengal 1905 assignment.partition of bengal 1905 pdf.history of bengal book.history of west bengal.yourkam.blogspot.com

 بنگال کی تاریخ وسیع تر برصغیر پاک و ہند اور جنوبی ایشیا اور جنوب مشرقی ایشیا کے آس پاس کے علاقوں کی تاریخ سے جڑی ہوئی ہے۔  اس میں جدید دور کا بنگلہ دیش اور ہندوستانی ریاستیں مغربی بنگال اور آسام کا کریم گنج ضلع شامل ہے، جو برصغیر پاک و ہند کے مشرقی حصے میں واقع ہے، خلیج بنگال کی چوٹی پر ہے اور گنگا کے زرخیز ڈیلٹا کا غلبہ ہے۔  بنگال میں تہذیب کی ترقی چار ہزار سال پرانی ہے۔  یہ خطہ قدیم یونانیوں اور رومیوں کے لیے گنگاریڈائی کے نام سے جانا جاتا تھا، یہ ایک طاقتور مملکت تھی جس کی ہاتھیوں کی افواج نے مشرقی ہندوستان سے سکندر اعظم کے انخلاء کی قیادت کی۔  گنگا اور برہم پترا دریا خطے کے جغرافیائی نشان کے طور پر کام کرتے ہیں، بلکہ اس خطے کو وسیع تر برصغیر پاک و ہند سے بھی جوڑتے ہیں۔[2]  بنگال نے بعض اوقات برصغیر پاک و ہند کی تاریخ میں اہم کردار ادا کیا ہے۔

 اس علاقے کی ابتدائی تاریخ میں ہندوستانی سلطنتوں کی جانشینی، اندرونی جھگڑے، اور غلبہ کے لیے ہندو مت اور بدھ مت کے درمیان کشمکش شامل ہے۔  قدیم بنگال کئی بڑے جنپدوں (سلطنتوں) کا مقام تھا، جبکہ قدیم ترین شہر ویدک دور کے ہیں۔  ایک تھیلاسوکریسی اور تاریخی شاہراہ ریشم کا ایک entrepôt، [2] قدیم بنگال کے فارس، عرب اور بحیرہ روم کے ساتھ مضبوط تجارتی روابط تھے جو اس کے منافع بخش سوتی ململ ٹیکسٹائل پر مرکوز تھے۔[3]  یہ خطہ کئی قدیم ہندوستانی سلطنتوں کا حصہ تھا، بشمول موری اور گپتا۔  یہ علاقائی سلطنت کا گڑھ بھی تھا۔  گاؤڈا کے قلعے نے گاؤڈا سلطنت، بدھ پال سلطنت (آٹھویں سے 11ویں صدی) اور سین سلطنت (11ویں-12ویں صدی) کے دارالحکومت کے طور پر کام کیا۔  اس دور میں بنگالی زبان، رسم الخط، ادب، موسیقی، فن اور فن تعمیر کی ترقی ہوئی۔

 برصغیر پاک و ہند پر مسلمانوں کی فتح نے بنگال کو قرون وسطیٰ کی اسلامی اور فارسی دنیا میں شامل کر لیا۔  1204 اور 1352 کے درمیان بنگال دہلی سلطنت کا ایک صوبہ تھا۔  اس دور میں ٹکا کو بطور مانیٹری کرنسی متعارف کرایا گیا، جو جدید دور تک برقرار ہے۔  1352 میں ایک آزاد بنگال سلطنت قائم ہوئی اور اس نے دو صدیوں تک اس خطے پر حکومت کی، اس دوران تصوف اور بنگالی زبان پر مبنی اسلام کی ایک الگ شکل سامنے آئی اور یہ خطہ دنیا میں ایک بڑی تجارتی قوم کے طور پر جانا جاتا تھا۔[6][7]  ]  حکمران اشرافیہ نے بنگال کو بھی ہند-فارسی ثقافت کی سب سے مشرقی پناہ گاہ میں تبدیل کر دیا۔  سلطانوں نے جنوب مشرقی ایشیا کے اراکان علاقے میں اثر و رسوخ کا مظاہرہ کیا، جہاں بدھ بادشاہوں نے سلطنت کی حکمرانی، کرنسی اور فیشن کی نقل کی۔  منگ چین کے ساتھ تعلقات سلطنت کے دور میں پروان چڑھے۔

 بنگال کی سلطنت اپنی ہندو اشرافیہ کے لیے قابل ذکر تھی، بشمول راجہ گنیش اور اس کے بیٹے جلال الدین محمد شاہ کا بطور غاصبانہ عروج۔  ہندوؤں نے شاہی انتظامیہ میں بطور وزیر اعظم اور شاعر خدمات انجام دیں۔  علاؤالدین حسین شاہ جیسے سلاطین کی سرپرستی میں بنگالی ادب نے خطے میں سنسکرت کے مضبوط اثر کی جگہ لینا شروع کی۔  ہندو ریاستوں میں ملبھم کی بادشاہی، بھرشوت کی بادشاہی اور تریپورہ کی بادشاہی شامل تھی۔  اور طاقتور ہندو راجوں جیسے پرتاپادتیہ، کیدار رے اور راجہ سیتارام رے کا دائرہ۔[9]

 سلطنت کے زوال کے بعد، بنگال مغلیہ سلطنت کے زیر تسلط آگیا، اس کا امیر ترین صوبہ تھا۔  مغلوں کے دور میں، بنگال صوبہ نے سلطنت کی مجموعی گھریلو پیداوار (جی ڈی پی) کا تقریباً 50% اور دنیا کی جی ڈی پی کا 12% پیدا کیا۔[10]  یہ خطہ ٹیکسٹائل مینوفیکچرنگ اور جہاز سازی جیسی صنعتوں میں عالمی سطح پر نمایاں تھا،[11] دارالحکومت ڈھاکہ کی آبادی دس لاکھ سے زیادہ تھی[10] اور تمام یورپی سلطنتوں سے زیادہ دولت مند تھی۔[12]  خیال کیا جاتا ہے کہ اس کی دولت اور معاشی ترقی نے پروٹو انڈسٹریلائزیشن کی مدت کو لہرا دیا ہے۔

 مغل سلطنت کے بتدریج زوال کے نتیجے میں بنگال کے نوابوں کے تحت نیم آزاد ریاستیں بنیں، اس کے بعد بنگال پر مراٹھا حملوں اور آخر کار برطانوی ایسٹ انڈیا کمپنی کی فتح ہوئی۔

 ایسٹ انڈیا کمپنی نے 18ویں صدی کے اواخر سے اس علاقے کا کنٹرول سنبھال لیا۔  کمپنی نے 1757 میں پلاسی کی جنگ اور 1764 میں بکسر کی لڑائی کے بعد علاقے پر اپنی گرفت مضبوط کر لی اور 1793 تک اس علاقے پر مکمل کنٹرول حاصل کر لیا۔  صنعتی انقلاب کے ابتدائی مراحل کے دوران ایسٹ انڈیا کمپنی کی طرف سے بنگال سے اکٹھا کیا گیا سرمایہ مختلف صنعتوں جیسے کہ برطانیہ میں ٹیکسٹائل مینوفیکچرنگ میں لگایا گیا تھا۔[14][15][16][17]  بنگال میں کمپنی کی پالیسیوں نے بھی کمپنی کے دور میں بنگالی ٹیکسٹائل کی صنعت کو غیر صنعتی بنانے کا باعث بنا۔[14][15][16]  کلکتہ (یا کلکتہ) نے کئی سالوں تک ہندوستان میں برطانوی زیر کنٹرول علاقوں کے دارالحکومت کے طور پر خدمات انجام دیں۔  برطانوی نوآبادیاتی انتظامیہ کے ساتھ ابتدائی اور طویل نمائش کے نتیجے میں مغربی طرز کی تعلیم میں توسیع ہوئی، جس کا نتیجہ اس خطے میں سائنس، ادارہ جاتی تعلیم، اور سماجی اصلاحات کی ترقی کی صورت میں نکلا، جس میں بنگالی نشاۃ ثانیہ کے نام سے جانا جاتا ہے۔  20 ویں صدی کے اوائل میں ہندوستان کی آزادی کی تحریک کا ایک گڑھ، بنگال کو 1947 میں ہندوستان کی آزادی کے دوران مذہبی خطوط پر دو الگ الگ اداروں میں تقسیم کر دیا گیا تھا: مغربی بنگال — ہندوستان کی ایک ریاست — اور مشرقی بنگال — پاکستان کے نئے بننے والے ڈومینین کا ایک حصہ۔  جو بعد میں 1971 میں بنگلہ دیش کا آزاد ملک بن گیا۔

Japan in the Olympics,the Olympics in Japan.OLYMPICS information 2020

                  JAPAN OLYMPICS

The Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics, although a few years to go, has a website that provides the latest news on every conceivable aspect of the upcoming event — from the infrastructural changes Tokyo is currently experiencing to the latest corporate sponsors. The site also presents the “vision” of the 2020 Games, which includes “passing on the legacy of the future.” The organizers say that the “Tokyo Games of 1964 completely transformed Japan, improved Japanese awareness of the outside world, and helped to grow the Japanese economy faster. The 2020 Games will make Japan, now a vibrant economy, promote future changes around the world and leave a lasting legacy for future generations. ” put the power of the Olympics to inspire positive change in Japan and the world.

Many readers may be aware that the 2020 Games will be the fourth Olympic Games to be held in Japan, after the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics, the 1972 Sapporo Winter Olympics, and the 1998 Nagano Winter Olympics. Few will see that Japan has tried to host the Olympic Games twelve times, winning the bid five times counting the 1940 Games which were canceled due to World War II. This means that Japan has been inviting, bidding, organizing, or hosting the Olympic Games almost as often as the 1930s.2

Thanks to the global visibility of the Olympics, the great economic impact, and the perceived ability to change national identity, the event continues to be the most controversial 120 years after its resurgence as a modern event in Athens. The specific reasons for Japan's continued interest in hosting the event are many and closely related to the changing role of the archipelago in international and regional political arenas. In the following article, I trace the history of Japan's involvement in the Olympic struggle and suggest why the nation has donated so much resources to it for more than a century. In addition to students ’interest in sports themselves, it is important to understand both the importance of Olympic history and its potential and (or lack of) use as a catalyst for change in the future.One of the key figures in the development of physical education in Japanese schools was Kanō Jigorō. Kanō, a professor and principal at Tokyo University of Education (later Tsukuba University), also worked in the Department of Education. He is best known as the founder of the jūdō game, a form of unarmed combat that combines elements of samurai jūjutsu with tactics aimed at bringing traditional martial arts to the forefront.4 Indeed, Kanō was more concerned with making Japan modern by emphasizing body culture, a practice common in Europe at the time. The belief was that physical education strengthened the human body and human behavior. He felt that the standards and lessons learned from modern sports, including not only jūdō, but also swimming, running, tennis, and soccer, could be applied to the daily life of Japanese citizens.5Meiji Era (1868-1912) are slogans such as "fukoku kyōhei" ("advise the nation, strengthen the soldiers"), "wakon yōsai" ("Japanese spirit, Western technology"), and "bunmei kaika" ("civilization and enlightenment" ) reflects Japan's interest in being seen as a global development — a passion driven by the desire to fight Western threats in Japan. Education became an important tool for the Meiji government in achieving these national goals, and this included, for the first time, compulsory primary education. The government believed that without the illiteracy and enlightenment of the people, Japan would not be recognized worldwide. As part of the educational revolution, Western-style physical education was officially required of the primary education system for both boys and girls for the first time in 1905.3

Pierre de Coubertin, the French founder of the modern Olympic organization and President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) while Kanō was speaking on sports in Japan, also believed in athletics in order to improve society. Since 1896 the revival of modern sports, Coubertin has tried to recruit foreign countries from Europe and the United States to participate in the Olympics, but no Asian nation has responded. During the preparation for the 1912 Stockholm Olympics, Coubertin, in his quest to make the Olympics a global one, asked the French ambassador to Tokyo to identify a possible Japanese IOC member. By the early twentieth century, Kanō Jigorō was well-known for his prominent role in sports development in the Department of Education. Kanō was also a zealous advocate for the formerly divided Japanese nation, having invited more than 7,000 foreign students to study at his university since 1896.6 In 1909, Kanō became Japan's first official IOC member from Japan — and the first in Asia . to join an organization made up of only European and American members. In 1910, the IOC officially invited Japan to participate in the Fifth Olympiad, which was scheduled to take place in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1912.7

Baron Pierre de CoubertinKanō helped select two male athletes to represent Japan at the Stockholm Olympics, an athlete and long-distance runner, but found it difficult to finance their trip from Japan to Sweden. Few Japanese have viewed the Olympics, which are still in its infancy, as politically or strategically important to legitimize Japanese participation. The Department of Education did not comply with Kanō's request for a scholarship. Undeterred, Kanō created his own organization, the Dai Nippon Taiiku Ky

History of Afghanistan Complete with picture

A F G H A N I S T A N

 The history of Afghanistan as a country began in 1823 as the Emirate of Afghanistan after the fall of its predecessor, the Afghan Durrani Empire, which was considered the status of the founding of modern Afghanistan. [1] Its history is linked to other countries in its region, especially Tajikistan, Pakistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and India. [2] The recorded history of the country that now forms Afghanistan can be traced back to about 500 BCE when the area was under the Achaemenid Empire, [3] although evidence shows that improved urban migration exists in the country from between 3000 and 2000.

BCE. [4] [5] [6] The virus dates back to 2500 BCE. [7] Indus Valley civilization reached large parts of northern Afghanistan. [8] Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived in what is now Afghanistan in 330 BCE after the fall of the Achaemenid Empire during the Gaugamela War. [9] Since then, several provinces have appointed officials in Afghanistan, including Greco-Bactrians, Kushans, Indo-Sassanids, Kabul Shahi, Saffarids, Samanids, Ghaznavids, and -Ghurids, Kartids, Timurids, Hotakis and Durranis. [10] Modern place Afghanistan in Asia Afghanistan (meaning "Afghan country" or "Afghan region") has been one of the most important places in history.

[11] The country served as "the center of the ancient Silk Road in central Asia, a gateway to the Indian subcontinent, linking China with western Asia and Europe, which carried trade from the Mediterranean to China". [12] Located on many trade and migration routes, Afghanistan may be referred to as the 'Central Asian roundabout' [13] as routes converge from the Middle East, from the Indus Valley across the Hindu Kush, from the Far East across the Tarim Basin , and from nearby -Eurasian Steppe.Iranian languages ​​were developed by one half of these people; The Pashto language spoken today in Afghanistan by Pashtun, is one of the Eastern Iranian languages.

Elena E. Kuz'mina says that tents of Afrikaans-speaking and Iranian-speaking people from the bright houses of the Eurasian band during the Bronze Age. [14] The Muslim conquest of Afghanistan has influenced the culture of Afghanistan, and its pre-Islamic period of the Zoroastrian, Buddhist and Hindu period has long since passed. Generation of Muslims such as Tahirid, Saffarid, Gaznavid, Samanid, and Ghurid invaded Afghanistan and established their rule in central Asia especially in Great Khorasan and opened up Islam in northern India in what is now Pakistan. Mirwais Hotak succeeded Ahmad Shah Durrani and united the Afghan tribes such as Pashtun, Tajik, Hazaras, Uzbeck and Turkmens under one proclamation and established the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century CE. [15] [16] [17]] [18] [] Excessive quotes] Afghanistan has a large and diverse population: Pashtun, Tajik, Hazaras, Uzbeks, Turkmen, Qizilbash, Aimak, Pashayi, Baloch, Pamiris, Nuristanis, and others.Afghanistan (/ æfˈɡænɪstæn, æfˈɡɑːnɪstɑːn / (About this listen to the noise)), [22] officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, a closed country located at the crossroads of Central and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south (including the Gilgit-Baltistan border bordered by Pakistan, an area sought by India), Iran to the west, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan to the north, and Tajikistan and China to the northeast. With an area of ​​652,864 square kilometers (252,072 sq mi) of land, the country has a plateau of mountains to the north and southwest divided by the Hindu Kush mountain range. As of 2021, its population is 40.2 Million [23], which includes mainly Pashtun, Tajik, Hazaras, and Uzbek. Kabul is the largest city in the country and serves as its capital. Islamic Emirate of Afghanistanد افغانستان اسلامي امارت (Pashto) Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat امارت اسلامی افغانستان (Dari) Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afghanistān Afghan flag Flag Islamic Emirate Coat of Arms [1] Coat of arms Slogan: lā ʾilāha ʾillà l-Lāh, Muḥammadun rasūlu l-Lāh لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله (Arabic) "There is no god but God. Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." Ihubo: دا د باتورانو کور Dā də bātorāno kor "This Is the Home of the Brave" [3] [4] [5] [6] Afghanistan (orthographic projection) .svg Capital and the largest city Kabul 34 ° 31′N 69 ° 11′E [7] Big languages PashtoDari Racial groups (illegal estimates for 2019) [b] [9] [10] [11] [12] 42% Pashtun 27% Tajik 9% Hazara 9% Uzbek 4% power. 3% Turkmen 2% Baloch 4% Others Religion 99.7% Islam (official) 0.3% Others Demons Afghan [c] [15] [16] Government Interim Islamic Islamic State [17] • Leader Hibatullah Akhundzada • Minister Hasan Akhund (acting) • Chief Justice Abdul Hakim Ishaqzai Composition • Afghan Empire 1451-1526 • Hotak Empire 1709–1738 • Durrani Empire 1747-1823 • Emirate 1823-1839 • The restoration of the Durrani Kingdom 1839-1842 • Emirate Restoration 1842-1926 • Secure Earth 26 May 1879 •

Independence 19 August 1919 • State Building June 9, 1926 • Proclamation of the Republic 17 July 1973 • Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 27–28 April 1978 • Islamic State 28 April 1992 • Islamic Emirate 7 September 1996 • Islamic Republic 26 January 2004 • Restoration of Islamic Emirate 15 August 2021 Location • Total 652,864 [18] km2 (252,072 sq mi) (40th) • Water (%) -small Population • Average for 2021 40,218,234 [19] (37th) • Overcrowding 48.08 / km2 (124.5 / sq mi) (174th) GDP (PPP) 2018 average • Total $ 72.911 billion [20] (96th) • Per capita $ 2,024 [20] (169th) GDP (name) 2018 average • Total $ 21.657 billion [20] (111st) • Per capita $ 493 [20] (177th) HDI (2019) Increase by 0.511 [21] floor · 169th Money Afghanistan (Afghanistan) (AFN) Time zone UTC + 4:30 Sun Calendar (D †) Driving side right Call code +93 ISO code 3166 AF Internet TLD .af افغانستان. Living in Afghanistan goes back to the Middle Paleolithic period, with the cou

History of Brazil information britannica

      B R A Z I L 

The art of making Ancient composer Heitor Villa-Lobos was instrumental in breaking the tradition of creating unique Brazilian songs by creating themes and rhythms of traditional Portuguese, Indian, and African music. In contemporary music, João Gilberto and Antônio Carlos Jobim introduce the world to the bossa nova rhythm (which includes the old song “Girl of Ipanema”) by combining samba rhythm with cool jazz. Francisco Buarque de Hollanda composed a series of popular music that included ballads and simple opera that touched the public. The poet Vinicius de Moraes captured the Brazilian city spirit with its memorable characters, and pop artist Roberto Carlos Braga drew many fans throughout Latin America in the latter half of the 20th century. Other popular musical styles include sertanejo, especially in the South and Central-West, axé, a mixture of samba and reggae commonly heard in the northeast, as well as pagôde, an active samba style developed in urban areas. Musical influences from Brazil, North America, and Europe were combined to create a tropicália style.

Brazil's largest cities occasionally host exciting music concerts, and free international music concerts attract large audiences to Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, and elsewhere. Brazil also has a long tradition in folk music, such as the Northeast cantoria (poetry), in which artists excel in winning “duels.” São Paulo: Municipal Theater São Paulo: Municipal Theater Municipal theater in São Paulo, Brazil. © Wilfredo Rodríguez (Britannica Publishing Partner) Theater performances are widespread and attended by many people, from dirty district comedy to neighboring theaters to high-end productions at Rio de Janeiro's opera house. The Brazilian theater has reached international audiences through playwrights such as Alfredo Dias Gomes, author of the book Roque Santeiro (Roque, the Saint Maker). Animation is very popular in Brazil, and it is given to famous and sophisticated audiences. The Brazilian film industry has produced several international award competitors; actors like Fernanda Montenegro and her daughter Fernanda Torres have gained worldwide acclaim, as do many directors, including Fábio Barreto and Bruno Barreto. However, North American and European films are the most popular currency in Brazil. Daily life The rapid urbanization of Brazil after World War II was a turning point in the lives of many of its citizens. In many ways, Brazil's major cities are slightly different from other Western countries, but their high congestion and large number of pedestrians can sometimes be compared closer to Chinese cities than in North America. The family ties of the Brazilian people, both sooner and later, often remain stronger than in western Europe and North America; family members usually live very close to each other, holding regular gatherings or gatherings on the family farm or on weekends and holidays. However, this traditional system of public relations depends on a certain level of wealth and stability to be maintained, and is no longer as powerful as before, given the increase in travel and urbanization of the Brazilian population. In favelas, various members of an extended family may stay in one place because of economic pressures or family culture. Cars have become a staple of many middle-class families, so much so that Brazilians are said to be obsessed with cars; however, poor families should rely on bus travel as the only real way to work or, on the weekend, to go to the beach or the countryside. favela, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil favela, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Favela in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. © Urbanhearts / Fotolia A typical Brazilian dish is feijoada completa, a mixture of about 20 dried, salted, or smoked meat made from black beans (feijoadas) and often served with rice, vegetables and other foods. There are many traditional African foods in Bahia, such as vatapá, made from rice flour, coconut oil, fish, shrimp, red pepper, and various spices. Rio de Janeiro is home to some of the most famous Portuguese restaurants, and Italian cuisine is best served in São Paulo. Churrascarias' houses are all over the country.

North American fast food chains are growing rapidly in cities and towns. Carnival The four-day Carnival before Lenten is Brazil's most famous and exciting holiday. Brazilian Carnival is a traditional blend of Roman Catholic ceremonies and fun celebrations of African ancestors. It originated mainly in coastal urban areas, especially in areas previously cultivated along the coast between Recife and Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Carnival Rio de Janeiro: Carnival The Brazilians celebrate Carnival in Rio de Janeiro. © Flowerpower / Fotolia Millions of Brazilians from both active and middle class found a place to enjoy the Carnival preparations. For most of the year, they spend their leisure time preparing for the annual activities and Carnival competitions at the so-called samba schools (escolas de samba), which operate as community clubs and neighboring institutions. Both groups of children and adults form thousands of dancers and musicians at each samba school, and many more people are involved in the design of floating objects and in making masterpieces. Samba schools in Rio de Janeiro host a beautiful festival, centered on the shores of Copacabana. Many schools also attend the 85,000-seat Sambadrome competition (Samba Dome; 1984), designed by Oscar Niemeyer. Some Brazilians celebrate Carnival in nightclubs, where they dance and look the same.

history of china The Most Populated Countrie of China big country

HISTORY OF CHINA

 The city of Chania is located in the ancient city of Kidonia, which, according to Homer, is one of the most important cities in Crete. Remains of the remaining city buildings are large buildings from the Mycenaean period. After the Mycenaean period, the city flourished and remained so until the Roman era, when August Caesar declared Kidonia a city independent. Many ancient cities and temples have been built in this area, such as the Asklepios Temple in Lisos. In 823 AC, the city was handed over to the Saracens and in 828 AC, it was destroyed like most Cretan cities. In 961 AC, the Byzantines rebuilt the entire city using all the materials left in ruins. To defend the city, he built a fortress around a hill, known as Castle. However, the city began to crumble, and only parts of the castle walls from that time are still standing today. By 1204 AD,

Chania had been captured by the Venetians, who fortified the city around the castle of Kastel and restored the ruined city. During its four centuries of existence, the people of Venice built their own cathedral of Catholicism and several magnificent palaces within the palace. However, their powerful ships soon were attacked by the Genoese and subjugated. As a result, they lived in Chania for a few years but not before they burned down the entire city. The Venetians returned and rebuilt the entire city with a wall around the city of Chania. In the years that followed, Chania flourished with many beautiful buildings and structures erected in line with Venetian architecture. This was the most prosperous period in Chania's history, as it provided a boost to trade and culture. Ornate houses were built and relations with Europe through Venice led to the development of art and literature. The famous artist Domenicos Theotokopoulos, also known as El Greco, was born about that time. In 1645, after a two-month siege, the city was handed over to the Turks, and the city was rebuilt as all Catholic churches were converted into mosques. After a few wars and revolutions from the inhabitants of Crete against Turkish ships, the island was declared independent in 1897 and became the capital of the Cretan region. In 1913, after several attempts by the governor of Crete and later the prime minister of the country, Eleftherios Venizelos, Crete was reunited with the rest of Greece. The extensive damage caused by the natural invasion of Crete has erased the traces of ancient civilization in Chania.

From Mycenaean Kidonia, a few excavated fossils and pottery have been found. Today, much of the old city of Chania has survived in Venetian and Ottoman times. The Venetian harbor and the historic highways in Chania provide an unmistakable atmosphere. The history of Chania had a profound cultural impact on Cretan life. Chania in World War II: The city of Chania was the scene of intense activity during World War II. In fact, this beautiful city was occupied by the Germans during World War II.

what is blogger .blogging kya hi .The Information of Blogging

               B L O G G I N G

BLOGGER Hello friends, if you are reading this post, it means that you want to know what is blogging or how is blogging. In the main post, I will tell everything in the barebones of blogging like what is blogging, how to do blogging, how to blog or how to make blogging my career. If so, I would like to tell you that if you have made up your mind to learn blogging, then you have taken the best decision of your life. Because blogging is such a career in which there is no race nor blogging will ever be open. And there is no limit to the shortage. Blogging can work for me according to your hard work, the more you work, the more you will earn. Another advantage of blogging is that you get name, fame or money all at once, people start knowing you and respect you. People want to learn from you and people want to be like you. First of all let's go what is blogging in Hindi Blogging is a platform through which we can share our knowledge with others, through our blog. For blogging, we need a website in which we can start blogging by posting a blog. If you are sad to write or you are sad to share your knowledge, then AP can blogging by making a blog or also earn money from blogging. Or if you have a lot of problem in writing, then in today's time you can like your content by speaking. Can I earn money from blog? Yes, we can also earn money from blog or we can make good income. In today's time, a blogger works from home more than a normal person.. This is for those people who want to work from home or want to give time to their family. There are many ways to earn money from blogging, such as selling adsense, affiliate marketing, e-books, or online courses. Now you will think, is there any investment needed for blogging? So I want to tell you that there are two types of blogging, one can start the app for free or one you can start by investing a little. Age post me I will tell you how to start blogging for free or even by investing. So how can you start blogging on the go? how to start blogging To start blogging, you have to first think about which topic you want to write a blog on. In the world of blogging we call it.. The first thing you have to do is to find a place. What is a niche or how to find a niche Niche is power to belong to anyone. In whichever your interest **, as if your interest is in cricket then AP can create a blog on cricket or if your interest is in food then AP can create a food blog. I like Naked of AP New Recipes on Yaha, then if you want to make a blog on education, then AP can make a blog on any topic of education. Just in today's time, we have to keep one thing in mind that we have to create a blog on any one niche, which we get stuck in the ranking, the competition is also less or our website came up in the ranking of Google. Now you have to choose a platform for blogging. Now You Platform Free ** Yes Paid **. This is up to you. Like Blogger or WordPress. Also Read - What is a Blog Niche Also read – On which topic the blog should be made Also Read - 106+ Profitable Micro Niche Blog Ideas In Hindi How to choose platform for blogging Now let's talk about the free path. The name of Blogspot (Blogger) comes at the top of the platform of Free. This is Google's own product where you can create a free me blog website. In this you neither need to take hosting nor take a domain. If you want, you can also take your custom domain name. What is the difference between a custom or free domain name? We purchase custom domains from a domain registrar company such as Godaddy or Hostinger. Examples of custom domains like www.facbook.com,https://yourkam.blogspot.com/?m=1,in We can create the same free domain with blogger or wordpress. But when we create our blog site from websites or choose our domain, then blogspot.com or WordPress.com is written at the end of our domain. Example for free domain like https://yourkam.blogspot.com/?m=1 .wordpress.com If AP wants to become a professional blogger or want to do professional blogging then my advice would be to buy AP a hosting or buy a custom domain name. Or do a website on wordpress.org. In today's time every hosting company has easy WordPress installation details. One Click Me App can install WordPress or start your own blog. Buying a My Hosting domain is recommended to start a blog, because free platforms like Blogger or WordPress.com have a lot of limitations. You can't do all that you want to do. If you have chosen the platform or have also taken the domain, then after this we have to design the blog. how to design your blog May I try to keep my blog as simple as ** for the sake of you. The user I enjoyed reading it or your website loads too quickly**. Because website loading time is a huge factor in getting a site ranked in Google. how to write your own post From writing the post, prepare an outline of your post, what you have to write in your post. Be mindful of the title or target keyword. Don't stray from your topic. Keep your language simple that users can easily understand or enjoy reading. After writing the article, to post your article in the website. Or take the help of social media to reach your post to the people or share the post by creating an account on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter. We have to add our website to Google Search Console for our posts to reach Google. So that if the user searches something on Google, then our website also.

History of Dubai دبئی کی کہانی

HISTORY OF DUBAI

history dubai Learn more about Dubai’s transit from a fishing village to a modern big city. Early Minoan period (3000BCE to 5th century CE) Dubai roots extend all the way back to the early Minoan era. The place where Dubai now lies was once a large mangrove swamp. By 3000BCE that wetland was dry and uninhabited. It is believed that Bronze Age nomadic cattle herdsmen were the first to settle in the area. By 2500BCE, they had established a thriving palm garden and this was the first time that the area had been successfully used for agriculture. Skip a few thousand years before quiet farming. During the fifth century CE, a place we now know, such as Jumeirah, is home to some fine seafood restaurants; it was a caravan station near the trade route linking Oman with what is now Iraq. Bani Yas Nation (1000 to 1700s) The first mention of Dubai was recorded in 1095, in a Geography Book by Andalusian-Arab geographer Abu Abdullah Al Bakri. Other records, such as the journal of Venetian pearl merchant Gaspero Balbi, date back to 1580 when he visited the area for his pearl trade. Life at that time depended heavily on fishing, in the depths of pearls, in the construction of boats, and the provision of lodging and food for merchants passing by to sell gold, spices, and textiles. Today, these can be found in our souks, as the best souvenirs you can bring home. The next milestone in the history of the UAE came in 1793, when the Bani Yas tribe established political power in Abu Dhabi, and Dubai became the foundation.

The walled city (1800-1832) Records show that Dubai was a walled city in the early 1800's. Al Fahidi Fort was built at the same time that Dubai lay in ruins. The Bur Dubai side wall extends from Al Fahidi Historical Neighborhood to Al Fahidi Fort, ending at Old Souk. On the Deira side, the Al Ras area was surrounded by a wall. In 1820, however, Britain negotiated a settlement with the local authorities, signaling that trade routes would be opened and trade would flourish. With this began a steady stream of international contacts, making Dubai a center of important activities. Al Maktoum Dynasty (1833-1893) A milestone in the history of Dubai, Maktoum bin Butti of the Bani Yas tribe led his people to the Shindagha Peninsula near the mouth of Dubai Creek in 1833. He settled there and declared the independence of the city in Abu Dhabi. From then on, Dubai was considered a fishing destination. Today, despite all the major emirate reforms, the Al Maktoum dynasty continues to dominate Dubai. Visitors can explore the city's past by walking along the shores of Dubai Creek. An anchor for emirate treasures, the site is a hub for busy abrails and boats floating on historic waterways.

Welcoming immigrants (1894 to 1966) Under the leadership of Al Maktoum, Dubai began to thrive. In 1894, trade in the area was revived, as new laws allowed for immigrants to avoid paying taxes. This has led to a large influx of foreign workers into the city. Indian and Pakistani traders descend on Dubai, to take advantage of excellent business conditions. Although this was the most successful time in Dubai's history, it was still relying heavily on fishing, trading, and in pearls. And when synthetic pearls were introduced in Japan in the 1950's, the regional economic risk was exposed. However, inflation did not last long. In 1966, everything changed abruptly in Dubai: it hit the oil. Modern day boom Dubai (1966 to date) With the discovery of oil, the late Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum began the development of Dubai. He began to transform the city from a small group of settlements near Dubai Creek to a modern port, city and commercial center. Rashid Port, Jebel Ali Port, Dubai Drydocks, expansion of Dubai Creek, and Dubai World Trade Center were just a few of the major projects completed at that time. Leadership and vision allowed the UAE to move forward with construction projects and community projects. For nearly half a century, Dubai exploded with growth, creating modern wonders like the Burj Al Arab and the Burj Khalifa, now closely associated with the big city.

As part of the city's efforts to consistently expand, innovate and create opportunities, Dubai continues to plan landmark projects to attract tourists and businesses alike.

History of London London Beautiful Country

        History of London

Kindly don't look past this. This is the first time we've interfered with your perusing as of late, so we'll come to the heart of the matter: This Tuesday we request that you secure Wikipedia's autonomy. 98% of our perusers don't give; they take no notice. Assuming that you have given before, kindly recharge your help this year.In the event that everybody perusing this gave $2.75, we could keep Wikipedia flourishing for quite a long time. The cost of some espresso is all we really want. We're certain you are occupied and we don't intend to intrude on you, however we should remind everybody.We don't charge a membership expense, and Wikipedia is supported by the gifts of just 2% of our perusers. Without peruser commitments, huge or little, we were unable to run Wikipedia the manner in which we do.We realize the vast majority will disregard this message, yet we trust you will think about supporting Wikipedia today. We need to ensure everybody in the world has equivalent admittance to information, and we want your assistance.In case Wikipedia gave you $2.75 worth of information this year, if it's not too much trouble, require a moment to get its future by making a gift. Much thanks to you.Raising money installment formPlease select a sum (USD). The normal gift is $16.36, yet every contributor gives the perfect sum for them. Some first-time givers give $2.75. The only thing that is in any way important is that you're deciding to remain standing free of charge, open data; and for that, you have our appreciation.$2.75 $10$16.36$25$50$75$100Other ($)We ask you, unassumingly: don't scroll away.Raising money remind me later formMAYBE LATER History of London Article Talk Language Download PDF Observe Alter.The historical backdrop of London, the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, stretches out more than 2000 years. In that time, it has become one of the world's most critical monetary and social capital urban areas. It has withstood plague, destroying fire, common conflict, ethereal barrage, fear monger assaults, and mobs.The City of London is the notable center of the Greater London city, and is today its essential monetary region, however it addresses just a little piece of the more extensive city.